The Waterfall model is a traditional approach to software development and has a corresponding testing life cycle. Here's a brief overview of the Waterfall STLC:
Requirements Phase:
- Understand and document the project requirements thoroughly.
- Create a Requirements Specification document.
System Design Phase:
- Develop a high-level design based on the gathered requirements.
- Create a System Design Specification document.
Implementation (Coding) Phase:
- Write the actual code based on the system design.
- Developers focus on coding and building the system.
Integration and Testing Phase:
- Combine individual components/modules into a complete system.
- Perform Integration Testing to ensure the modules work together.
- Execute System Testing to verify the entire system against the requirements.
Deployment Phase:
- Once testing is successful, deploy the software to the production environment.
Maintenance Phase:
- Ongoing maintenance and support for the deployed software.
Characteristics of Waterfall STLC:
- Sequential: Each phase must be completed before the next one begins.
- Document-Driven: Each phase has its own set of documents (requirements, design specifications, etc.).
- Rigidity: Changes are difficult to incorporate once the project moves beyond the initial stages.
- Well-Suited for Stable Requirements: Ideal when the requirements are well-understood and unlikely to change.
Testing Activities in Waterfall:
- Requirements Testing: Ensuring that requirements are clear, complete, and testable.
- System Testing: Verifying that the entire system functions according to specifications.
- Integration Testing: Checking interactions between integrated components.
- Acceptance Testing: Confirming that the software meets the user's acceptance criteria.
Keep in mind that while the Waterfall model has been used for many years, modern software development often employs more agile and iterative methodologies to better adapt to changing requirements and deliver incremental value.
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