The differences between the terms "Bug," "Defect," "Error," "Fault," and "Failure" within the context of software development:
| Term | Definition | Stage in Development | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
| Error | A mistake made by a human during the development process. | Requirement Gathering | Missed requirement for handling negative numbers in a calculator. |
| Defect | A deviation from the expected behavior in a software product. | Coding | Absence of code to handle negative numbers in a calculator. |
| Fault | A manifestation of an error in the software; a specific defect in the code. | Coding | Specific issue in the code causing incorrect subtraction. |
| Bug | A general term for any unexpected behavior or flaw in a software system. | Testing | Users reporting incorrect results when subtracting negative numbers. |
| Failure | Occurs when the software does not perform as expected, resulting from one or more faults. | Production | Calculator displaying incorrect results when subtracting negatives. |
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