| Purpose | Focuses on the overall process of developing software from conception to deployment, including planning, design, implementation, and maintenance. | Focuses specifically on the process of verifying and validating software to ensure quality, reliability, and compliance with requirements. |
| Scope | Encompasses the entire software development process, from project initiation to product delivery and maintenance. | Focuses specifically on testing activities within the broader context of the SDLC, primarily during the development and deployment phases. |
| Objective | Aims to create high-quality software products that meet user needs, business requirements, and project goals while adhering to budget and timeline constraints. | Aims to identify defects, errors, and vulnerabilities in software products early in the development lifecycle to prevent issues from reaching end-users. |
| Activities | Involves activities such as requirements analysis, design, coding, testing, deployment, and maintenance, typically organized into sequential or iterative phases. | Involves activities such as test planning, test case development, test execution, defect reporting, and regression testing, integrated within the SDLC phases. |
| Phases | Common phases include requirements gathering, analysis, design, implementation, testing, deployment, and maintenance, often following waterfall, agile, or hybrid methodologies. | Common phases include test planning, test design, test execution, test closure, and defect management, aligned with corresponding SDLC phases. |
| Focus Areas | Focuses on activities related to software creation, including architecture, coding standards, version control, and documentation, with an emphasis on functionality, performance, and scalability. | Focuses on activities related to software validation, including functional testing, non-functional testing, integration testing, and user acceptance testing, with an emphasis on quality assurance. |
| Deliverables | Deliverables include project plans, requirements documents, design specifications, source code, executable binaries, documentation, and release notes. | Deliverables include test plans, test cases, test scripts, test reports, defect logs, traceability matrices, and sign-off documents. |
| Participants | Participants include stakeholders, project managers, business analysts, architects, developers, testers, and operations teams, collaborating to deliver a successful product. | Participants include test leads, test engineers, automation engineers, quality assurance analysts, developers, business analysts, and project managers, collaborating to ensure software quality. |
| Tools and Technologies | Utilizes tools and technologies such as project management software, version control systems, IDEs, compilers, build automation tools, and deployment pipelines. | Utilizes tools and technologies such as test management systems, test automation frameworks, defect tracking software, performance testing tools, and continuous integration (CI) servers. |
| Metrics and KPIs | Metrics may include project milestones, effort estimation, budget variance, defect density, code coverage, and customer satisfaction scores. | Metrics may include test case coverage, defect density, test execution progress, defect closure rates, test automation coverage, and test effectiveness ratios. |
| Iterative vs. Sequential | Can be implemented in iterative, incremental, or sequential models, such as waterfall, agile, DevOps, or hybrid approaches, depending on project requirements. | Typically follows an iterative or incremental approach aligned with the development methodology, with testing activities integrated into each iteration or sprint. |
| Risk Management | Addresses risks related to project scope, schedule, budget, technology, resource constraints, and stakeholder expectations through risk identification, assessment, and mitigation strategies. | Addresses risks related to software quality, functionality, performance, security, usability, and compatibility through risk-based testing, defect prevention, and contingency planning. |
| Customer Involvement | Encourages customer involvement through requirements elicitation, feedback sessions, demos, and user acceptance testing to ensure alignment with user needs and expectations. | Engages customers in user acceptance testing (UAT), beta testing, and feedback sessions to validate software functionality, usability, and overall satisfaction. |
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